Millions of people in the world are suffered from osteoporosis and bone fractures. Hydroxyapatite as a bioactive material was explored as a substitute for bone defect or osteoporosis. Objectives: Preparation and characterization of a series of new biocompatible injectable bone paste (IBP) nanocomposites, hydroxyapatite gelatin (HA-Gel) and hydroxyapatite-Gelatin alendronate (HA-Gel-Ald np). Methods: IBP nanocomposites were synthesized from mixing different ratios of gelatin to aqueous solutions of both Ca(NO3)2.4H2O and (NH4)2HPO4 to obtain (HA Gel np), while the target nanocomposites, HA-Gel-Ald np, were obtained by submitting aqueous solution of alendronate (Ald) to and HA-Gel np nanocomposites. The composites formation was discussed based on FTIR, XRD, SEM and EDX measurements. The cytotoxicity of the nanocomposites on stem cells were assessed using MTT assay. Results: The FTIR, XRD, SEM and EDX analysis indicated the success in isolating the nanocomposites, HA-Gel np and HA-Gel Ald np, with different ratios. Although the cytotoxicity data show significant effect of the prepared IBP nanocomposites (p = 0.00), their interaction together had no significant effect (p = 0.624). Conclusion: New composites combine Gel, HA and Ald nanoparticles were successfully synthesized which may potentially be used as a bone tissue scaffold. These composites are considered non-toxic and the presence of Ald on HA-Gel-Ald nps showed higher cells viability than those of HA-Gel nps, and improves osteoblast proliferation, cells attachment and spreading.
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